CVE-2021-1441 Explained : Impact and Mitigation

A vulnerability in the hardware initialization routines of Cisco IOS XE Software for Cisco 1100 Series Industrial Integrated Services Routers and Cisco ESR6300 Embedded Series Routers could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute unsigned code at system boot time.

Understanding CVE-2021-1441

This CVE describes a critical vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE Software that could enable an attacker to execute unsigned code during system boot time on specific Cisco routers.

What is CVE-2021-1441?

This vulnerability allows a local attacker with administrative level credentials to tamper with an executable file on the device, leading to the execution of unsigned code at boot time. The flaw arises from incorrect parameter validations during the device boot-up diagnostic script execution.

The Impact of CVE-2021-1441

Exploiting this vulnerability could bypass the software image verification check of the secure boot process, potentially leading to unauthorized code execution at boot time with high confidentiality and integrity impacts.

Technical Details of CVE-2021-1441

This section outlines the specific technical details of the CVE.

Vulnerability Description

The vulnerability lies in the hardware initialization routines of Cisco IOS XE Software, impacting specific router series. It allows for the execution of unsigned code during system boot time.

Affected Systems and Versions

Affected systems include Cisco 1100 Series Industrial Integrated Services Routers and Cisco ESR6300 Embedded Series Routers running Cisco IOS XE Software.

Exploitation Mechanism

To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker needs administrative level credentials (level 15) on the affected device. By tampering with an executable file stored on the device, the attacker can execute unsigned code at boot time.

Mitigation and Prevention

To mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2021-1441, immediate steps and long-term security practices are crucial.

Immediate Steps to Take

Organizations should restrict access to devices, implement strong password policies, and regularly monitor for unauthorized activities. Applying vendor-supplied patches promptly is essential.

Long-Term Security Practices

Enhancing network security through segmentation, regular security training, and keeping systems up to date with the latest security patches can help prevent future vulnerabilities.

Patching and Updates

Cisco has provided patches to address the vulnerability. Organizations are advised to apply these patches immediately to mitigate the risk of exploitation.