CVE-2021-21996 Explained : Impact and Mitigation

An issue was discovered in SaltStack Salt before 3003.3. A user who has control of the source, and source_hash URLs can gain full file system access as root on a salt minion.

Understanding CVE-2021-21996

This CVE highlights a critical vulnerability in SaltStack Salt that could allow an attacker to gain root access on a salt minion.

What is CVE-2021-21996?

CVE-2021-21996 is a security flaw in SaltStack Salt versions before 3003.3 that enables an attacker to exploit the source and source_hash URLs to achieve full file system access as root on a salt minion.

The Impact of CVE-2021-21996

The impact of this vulnerability is severe as it allows unauthorized users to escalate their privileges to root level, potentially leading to unauthorized access, data breaches, and further exploitation.

Technical Details of CVE-2021-21996

This section dives deeper into the technical aspects of CVE-2021-21996.

Vulnerability Description

The vulnerability arises from a file traversal attack, a common method used by attackers to access files and directories beyond the intended scope, thus gaining unauthorized access.

Affected Systems and Versions

The affected system is SaltStack Salt software with versions earlier than 3003.3. Users operating on these versions are at risk of exploitation and should take immediate action to mitigate the threat.

Exploitation Mechanism

Attackers with control over the source and source_hash URLs can exploit this vulnerability to gain root access on a salt minion, posing a significant security risk.

Mitigation and Prevention

To safeguard systems from CVE-2021-21996, users and organizations should implement the following security measures.

Immediate Steps to Take

Immediately update SaltStack Salt to version 3003.3 or newer to patch the vulnerability and prevent potential exploitation. Additionally, restrict access to critical components to authorized personnel only.

Long-Term Security Practices

Regularly monitor for security advisories and updates related to SaltStack Salt. Conduct security audits, penetration testing, and ensure that best security practices are implemented across the system.

Patching and Updates

Stay informed about security patches and updates released by SaltStack. Promptly apply patches to eliminate known vulnerabilities and enhance the overall security posture of the system.