CVE-2021-3041 Explained : Impact and Mitigation

A local privilege escalation vulnerability exists in the Palo Alto Networks Cortex XDR agent on Windows platforms, allowing authenticated local users to execute programs with SYSTEM privileges by creating files in the Windows root directory or manipulating key registry values.

Understanding CVE-2021-3041

This CVE pertains to a vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks' Cortex XDR agent on Windows systems that could enable a local user to elevate their privileges and execute programs with high system access.

What is CVE-2021-3041?

This CVE refers to a local privilege escalation flaw in the Palo Alto Networks Cortex XDR agent on Windows platforms, potentially abused by authenticated users to run programs with elevated SYSTEM privileges.

The Impact of CVE-2021-3041

The vulnerability poses a high severity risk with a CVSS base score of 7.8, impacting Cortex XDR agent versions 5.0.11 and earlier, 6.1.8 and earlier, and 7.2.3 and earlier without content update release 171 or a later version.

Technical Details of CVE-2021-3041

This section outlines the specific technical details of the vulnerability.

Vulnerability Description

The vulnerability allows authenticated local Windows users to escalate their privileges and execute programs with SYSTEM access by exploiting weaknesses in the Cortex XDR agent.

Affected Systems and Versions

Impacted versions include Cortex XDR agent 5.0 versions less than 5.0.11, 6.1 versions less than 6.1.8, and 7.2 versions less than 7.2.3, specifically versions of 7.2 without content update release 171 or later.

Exploitation Mechanism

Currently, no instances of malicious exploitation have been reported by Palo Alto Networks.

Mitigation and Prevention

Here are the necessary steps to mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2021-3041.

Immediate Steps to Take

Prevent local authenticated Windows users from creating files in the Windows root directory and restrict manipulation of the Windows registry.

Long-Term Security Practices

Establish stringent access controls and review the privileges assigned to users to prevent unauthorized escalation of user privileges.

Patching and Updates

Ensure all systems are updated with Cortex XDR agent versions 5.0.11, 6.1.8, 7.2.3, or later, as well as apply content updates to address this vulnerability.