CVE-2021-44528 : Security Advisory and Response

A detailed overview of a CVE-2021-44528 vulnerability affecting Action Pack >= 6.0.0.

Understanding CVE-2021-44528

An open redirect vulnerability in Action Pack that could be exploited by attackers.

What is CVE-2021-44528?

This CVE identifies an open redirect vulnerability in Action Pack, specifically affecting versions >= 6.0.0. Attackers can utilize crafted "X-Forwarded-Host" headers with certain "allowed host" formats to manipulate the Host Authorization middleware and redirect users to malicious websites.

The Impact of CVE-2021-44528

The vulnerability allows for unauthorized redirection of users to malicious sites, potentially leading to phishing attacks, malware distribution, and information theft.

Technical Details of CVE-2021-44528

Insight into the technical aspects of the vulnerability.

Vulnerability Description

The issue arises due to improper handling of host headers by the Host Authorization middleware, enabling attackers to redirect users to malicious sites.

Affected Systems and Versions

Vendor: n/a
Product: Action Pack (https://github.com/rails/rails)
Vulnerable Versions: 6.1.4.2, 6.0.4.2, 7.0.0.rc2

Exploitation Mechanism

Attackers can exploit this vulnerability through crafted headers, leading to unauthorized redirection of users to dangerous websites.

Mitigation and Prevention

Measures to address and prevent exploitation of CVE-2021-44528.

Immediate Steps to Take

Patch affected systems immediately with the latest updates from the vendor.
Implement proper input validation and sanitization to prevent header manipulation.

Long-Term Security Practices

Regularly monitor and update security configurations and protocols.
Conduct security audits to identify and address vulnerabilities proactively.

Patching and Updates

Apply patches released by the vendor promptly to mitigate the vulnerability and enhance system security.